How Metal Injection Molding (MIM) is Powering the Next Generation of Robotics

Why Robotics Needs MIM

Robotic systems are made up of countless small, intricate parts — gears, joints, housings, and fasteners — that must withstand constant movement, torque, and environmental stress.

Compared to machining or casting, MIM offers:

• Complex geometries without expensive multi-step machining

• High production efficiency for medium-to-large volumes

• Material versatility — stainless steels, titanium alloys, tool steels, etc.

• Near-net shape production with minimal waste

Real-World Examples

1. Tesla Optimus – Precision Joint Gears

Tesla’s humanoid robot, Optimus, relies heavily on high-precision joints for fluid, human-like movement.

• Component: Harmonic Drive Input Gears & Couplings

• Material: 17-4PH Stainless Steel

• Why MIM: Achieved ±0.02 mm tolerance with internal spline geometry in a single molding process, reducing machining and ensuring high torque capacity without added weight.

2. Xiaomi CyberOne – Sensor & Camera Housings

CyberOne’s advanced perception system integrates multiple cameras and LiDAR sensors.

• Component: Multi-Sensor Protective Housing

• Material: 316L Stainless Steel

• Why MIM: Needed dustproof and waterproof sealing features integrated into the housing itself, eliminating the need for secondary assembly and improving reliability in outdoor environments.

3. Unitree R1 – Lightweight Robotic Arm Grippers

The Unitree R1 service robot features compact arms capable of precise manipulation.

• Component: End-Effector Jaws

• Material: Tool Steel (M2) with surface hardening

• Why MIM: Complex gripping surface textures molded directly, delivering strong wear resistance while keeping the component light for higher energy efficiency.

Other Applications Across Robotics

• Gear hubs for collaborative robots (cobots)

• Miniature brackets for cable routing in humanoid arms

• Custom hinge pins for folding or rotating joints

The Competitive Edge

Robotics OEMs choosing MIM benefit from:

• Reduced lead times for complex components

• Lower total production cost at scale

• Improved performance due to precise fit and material strength